国仪器仪表行业经过几十年的发展，企业总数为592家，其中大一型企业9家，大二型企业43家，中一型企业20家，中二型企业72家，小型企业448家。职工总数为26.46万人，其中工程技术人员2.59万人，管理人员3.33万人。固定资产原值146.96亿元，净值97.49亿元，工业总产值按1990年不变价计算344.13亿元，按现行价计算为293.87亿元，利润总额12.92亿元，工业全员劳动生产率4.72万元／人年（按工业增加值计算）。
一、市场需求对象及产品覆盖范围
目前我国国民经济保持持续、快速、健康地发展，在宏观调控政策以及推行积极的财政政策，扩大内需市场。国民经济各部门将有一大批企业为提高产品质量，经济效益要进行技术改造，尤其国家近两年对冶金、石化、造纸等七大行业进行重点技术改造，对仪器仪表会形成较大的需求，在冶金、石化、环保等连续生产过程的领域中，需自动化仪器仪表及控制系统130万台（套）以上，其中主控装置（大型DCS、中小型DCS、PLC、单、多回路调节器）15多万台（套），变送器约25万台，检测仪表达50多万台，调节阀20多万台，新一代现场总线式工业控制系统需求将有较大的增长；科研、教育、农业、环保、气象、医药卫生、地质和机电工业每年需要仪器仪表100万台以上（各类分光光度计2.5万台，汽车检测仪1.5万台，环境监测仪1.3万台，医疗仪器3万多台）；随着人民物质生活水平的逐步提高，文化生活、精神生活水平也必然进一步提高，照相机需求每年1000万台左右，复印机预计销售量每年为8万多台。1998年仪器仪表行业的出**货值为94.75亿元（自营出口创汇额7.21亿美元），其中自动化仪表占2.4％，实验室仪器占2.02％，分析仪器占0.54％，光学仪器占4.98照相机及器材占71.3％，电影机械占0.23％，电工仪器占6.19％。主要出口产品有电能表、显微镜、水表、煤气表、转速表、温度表、压力表、减压器等。
1998年仪器仪表行业进口额为20.8亿元，其中光学仪器2.33亿美元，大地及水道测量、海洋水文、气象等用仪器1.05亿美元，流量、液位、压力等检测仪器1.49亿美元，理化分析仪2.36亿美元，电量及射线仪器3亿美元，分散型工业过程控制设备1.01亿美元，自动调节或控制仪器及装置2.75亿美元，未列名测量或检测仪器5.02亿美元。
二、生产装备水平及关键设备
我国仪器仪表行业在“九五”期间的技术改造中，针对行业内基础工艺制造条件差和开发能力不足等突出问题，添置了加工中心、数控机床等精密加工设备，使仪器仪表箱体、模具加工、模板制造、部件加工精度、外观工艺质量有了明显的改善。部分骨干企业还购置了小型计算机、工作站等，实现了生产、营销的综合计算机管理，提高了仪器仪表行业的产品开发及市场应变能力。但总的来说，我国仪器仪表行业的制造技术水平仍然较低，装备仍较落后。仪器仪表行业对产品制造技术要求较高，但多数企业仍采用普通车床加工、人工装插元器件和测试。归纳起来，表现为两个“四多四少”，即在加工方面：一般设备多，高精度设备少；通用设备多，专用设备少；常规设备多，CAM少；通用技术多，关键技术少。我国仪器仪表行业经过几十年的发展，企业总数为592家，其中大一型企业9家，大二型企业43家，中一型企业20家，中二型企业72家，小型企业448家。职工总数为26.46万人，其中工程技术人员2.59万人，管理人员3.33万人。固定资产原值146.96亿元，净值97.49亿元，工业总产值按1990年不变价计算344.13亿元，按现行价计算为293.87亿元，利润总额12.92亿元，工业全员劳动生产率4.72万元／人年（按工业增加值计算）。
装备方面：手工装备多，机械装备少；人工焊接多，自动焊接少；通用仪器多，专用仪器少；常规仪器多，CAT少。
近几年来，仪器仪表行业按照市场经济规模的要求，加大企业结构调整力度，企业间通过联合、兼并等方式，形成了一批具有较强实力和市场竞争力的企业集团，生产集中度显著提高。销售收入超亿元的企业到1998年年底已达到31个，其中超过3亿元的企业有6家。
仪器仪表产品结构基本合理，各类产品的发展比较协调。目前，共生产13大类143个小类800个系列1.4万多个品种。其中工业自动化仪表约占33.5％，科学测试仪器约占33.11％，电影、照相机、复印机、缩微等文化办公设备类约占34.39％。
我国现有自动化仪表及系统仍以模拟仪表为主，一般性产品多，技术含量高的高附加值的产品少，在7000多个主要品种中，数字化、智能化的产品只占20.5％。目前国内变送器水平属中低档次，量程小、功能少，且以模拟量和非智能型为主，可靠性指标MTBF为3万小时，而国外MTBF为8万小时以上。执行器多数产品可靠性技术指标比国外低1－2个数量级。
科学测试仪器的精度大多比国外同类产品低0.5－1级，多数产品的可靠性指标MTBF在2000－3000小时范围以内，不足国外同类产品的一半。新技术应用少，智能化水平低，应用软件种类少、附件不全。
China instrument industry after several years of development, a total of 592 enterprises, including freshman Enterprise 9
Home-based business 43 sophomore, in an enterprise 20, the second enterprise 72, 448 small businesses
Home. A total of 26.46 million employees, of which 2.59 million engineering and technical personnel, management personnel 33 300
People. Original value of 14.696 billion yuan in fixed assets, net 9.749 billion yuan, total industrial output value at 1990 constant
Price of 34.413 billion yuan, calculated at current prices was 29.387 billion yuan, total profit of 1.292 billion yuan, industrial
Industry personnel labor productivity 47,200 yuan / year (calculated in accordance with the industrial added value).
First, market demand and product coverage of object
At present China's national economy maintained sustained, rapid and healthy development of macro-control policy in
And implement a proactive fiscal policy to expand domestic market demand. National economic sectors will have a large number of enterprises
To improve product quality, cost-effective to carry out technological transformation, particularly in countries in the past two years on the metallurgy, stone
Technology, paper and other industries focused on seven major technological transformation of the instruments will form a larger demand
In metallurgy, petrochemical, and environmental protection in areas of continuous production processes, automation of instrumentation and control needs
System, 1.3 million pieces (sets) or more, which the master device (large-scale DCS, the small and medium DCS, PLC,
Single, multi-loop controller) more than 15 million units (sets), the transmitter about 25 million units, up more than 50 instrumentation
Million, more than 20 million valve, a new generation of Field Bus demand for industrial control systems have greater
Growth; research, education, agriculture, environmental protection, meteorology, medical, geological and mechanical and electrical industry each year
Need to instrument more than one million units (all types of spectrophotometer 25 000 units, 15 000 vehicle detector
Taiwan, environmental monitoring instrument 13 000 sets of medical equipment more than 30 thousand units); with the material standard of living of the people
Gradually increase, and cultural life, spiritual life are bound to further increase demand for each camera
About 10 million units, copier sales expected to more than 80,000 units per year.Instrumentation industry in 1998
** Out of the value of 9.475 billion yuan (self-export volume 721 million U.S. dollars), which accounted for automation
2.4%, accounting for 2.02% laboratory equipment, analytical instruments accounted for 0.54%, accounting for 4.98 optical instruments cameras
And equipment accounted for 71.3%, accounting for 0.23% film machinery, electrical equipment accounted for 6.19%. Main export products
A power meter, microscopes, water meters, gas meters, tachometers, thermometers, pressure gauges, pressure reducer
And so on.
Instrumentation industry imports in 1998 amounted to 2.08 billion yuan, of which 233 million U.S. dollars optical instruments,
Land and hydrographic surveys, marine hydrological and meteorological instruments 105 million U.S. dollars, flow, level, pressure
Force of 149 million U.S. dollars testing instruments, chemical analyzers 236 million U.S. dollars, electricity and 300 million US-ray equipment
Element, distributed industrial process control equipment, 101 million U.S. dollars, automatic regulating or controlling instruments and devices
275 million U.S. dollars, mark-measuring or testing apparatus 502 million U.S. dollars.
Second, the level of production equipment and key equipment
Instrumentation industry in China "during the" technological transformation in the basis of work for the industry
Art manufacturing and development capabilities of poor lack of outstanding problems, purchase a machining center, CNC machine tools
Precision machining equipment to allow instrument box, mold processing, template manufacturing, precision machining parts,
The appearance of a marked improvement in process quality. Part of the backbone enterprises have also purchased a small computer, work
Station to achieve the production, marketing of integrated computer management, improved instrumentation industry products
Development and market adaptability. But overall, our instrument manufacturing industry, the level is still
However, lower equipment still lagging behind. Instrumentation industry manufacturing techniques are required, but most
Enterprises are still using ordinary lathe, inserting artificial components and test equipment. To sum up, the performance of two
A "little more than four 4", that is in the processing areas: general equipment and more, high-precision equipment less; General Equipment
Much less specialized equipment; more than conventional equipment, CAM less; common technology and more, less critical technologies. Chinese Instrument
Device instrument industry after decades of development, a total of 592 enterprises, including enterprises nine freshman,
43 sophomore enterprises, enterprises in a 20, the second enterprise 72, 448 small businesses.Level
A total of 26.46 million workers, of which 2.59 million engineering and technical personnel, managers 3.33 million. Solid
Original value of 14.696 billion yuan fixed assets, net 9.749 billion yuan, total industrial output value calculated at 1990 constant prices
34.413 billion yuan, calculated at current prices was 29.387 billion yuan, total profit of 1.292 billion yuan, industrial full
Labor productivity 47,200 yuan / year (calculated in accordance with the industrial added value).
Equipment: manual equipment, much less machinery and equipment; manual welding and more, automatic welding less; Link
Instruments much less special equipment; more conventional instruments, CAT less.
In recent years, instrumentation industry, economies of scale in accordance with market demand, increase structural adjustment enterprise
The whole intensity of enterprises through the combination, merger, etc., forming a group with strong market power and
Competitive enterprise groups, the production concentration significantly increased. Enterprise sales income 100 million yuan in 1998
Has reached the end of 31 years, of which more than 300 million yuan for enterprises 6.
Instrumentation basically reasonable product structure, more coordinated types of product development. At present, the symbiotic
Small class of 13 categories 143 800 series more than 14,000 varieties. Accounts of industrial automation instruments
33.5%, accounting for 33.11% scientific testing equipment, film, cameras, copiers, microfilm and other cultural
Office equipment category accounted for about 34.39%.
Automation Instrumentation and our existing system is still analog instrumentation-based, general products and more technology
High low high-value-added products, mainly in the more than 7000 varieties, digital, intelligent
Products accounted for only 20.5%. Currently the level is in the low-level transmitter, range is small, less functional, and
To analog-based and non-intelligent, reliability MTBF to 30,000 hours, while the MTBF for the 80,000 foreign
Hours or more. Actuator reliability of most products technical index lower than the 1-2 orders of magnitude abroad.
Most of scientific testing equipment accuracy lower than the 0.5-1 level similar foreign products, most products can be
MTBF reliability targets within an hour in 2000-3000, less than half of similar products abroad.New
Less technology, low intelligence, applications are few, incomplete attachment.